Introduction to Oracle Data Guard
What Is Oracle Data Guard?
Types of Standby Databases
Types of Data Guard Services
Role Transitions: Switchover and Failover
Oracle Data Guard Broker Framework
Choosing an Interface for Administering a Data Guard Configuration
Oracle Data Guard: Architecture (Overview)
Primary Database Processes
Standby Database Processes
Physical Standby Database: Redo Apply Architecture
Logical Standby Database: SQL Apply Architecture
Automatic Gap Detection and Resolution
Data Protection Modes
Data Guard Operational Requirements: Hardware and Operating System
Data Guard Operational Requirements: Oracle Database Software
Benefits of Implementing Oracle Data Guard

Creating a Physical Standby Database by Using Enterprise Manager Cloud Control
Prerequisites for Using Oracle Enterprise Manager Cloud Control 12c
Accessing the Add Standby Database Wizard
Creating a New Standby Database
Creating a Physical Standby Database Step 1: Backup Type
Creating a Physical Standby Database Step 2: Backup Options
Creating a Physical Standby Database Step 3: Database Location
Creating a Physical Standby Database Step 4: File Locations
Creating a Physical Standby Database Step 5: Configuration
Creating a Physical Standby Database Step 6: Review
Creating a Physical Standby Database Job Activity
Creating a Physical Standby Database Job Task Details
Data Guard Administration Page
Verifying Configuration
Performing Routine Maintenance
Configuring Fast-Start Failover
Editing Primary Database Properties: General Properties
Editing Primary Database Properties: Standby Role Properties
Editing Primary Database Properties: Common Properties
Test Application

Oracle Net Services in a Data Guard Environment
Oracle Net Services Overview
Understanding Name Resolution
Local Naming Configuration Files
Local Naming: tnsnames.ora
Connect-Time Failover: Planning for Role Reversal
Listener Configuration: listener.ora
Dynamic Service Registration
Static Listener Entries: listener.ora
Optimizing Oracle Net for Data Guard

Creating a Physical Standby Database by Using SQL and RMAN Commands
Steps to Create a Physical Standby Database
Preparing the Primary Database
FORCE LOGGING Mode
Configuring Standby Redo Logs
Standby Redo Log Usage
Using SQL to Create Standby Redo Logs
Viewing Standby Redo Log Information
Setting Initialization Parameters on the Primary Database to Control Redo Transport
Setting LOG_ARCHIVE_CONFIG
Setting LOG_ARCHIVE_DEST_n
Specifying Role-Based Destinations
Combinations for VALID_FOR
Defining the Redo Transport Mode
Setting Initialization Parameters on the Primary Database
Specifying Values for DB_FILE_NAME_CONVERT
Specifying Values for LOG_FILE_NAME_CONVERT
Specifying a Value for STANDBY_FILE_MANAGEMENT
Specifying a Value for FAL_SERVER
Example: Setting Initialization Parameters on the Primary Database
Creating an Oracle Net Service Name for Your Physical Standby Database
Creating a Listener Entry for Your Standby Database
Copying Your Primary Database Password File to the Physical Standby Database Host
Creating an Initialization Parameter File for the Physical Standby Database
Creating Directories for the Physical Standby Database
Starting the Physical Standby Database
Creating an RMAN Script to Create the Physical Standby Database
Creating the Physical Standby Database
Real-Time Apply (Default)
Starting Redo Apply in Real-Time
Preventing Primary Database Data Corruption from Affecting the Standby Database
Special Note: Data Guard Support for Oracle Multitenant
Special Note: Standby Database on the Same System
Creating a Physical Standby Without Using RMAN

Using Oracle Active Data Guard
Oracle Active Data Guard
Using Real-Time Query
Enabling Real-Time Query
Disabling Real-Time Query
Checking the Standby’s Open Mode
Understanding Lag in an Active Data Guard Configuration
Monitoring Apply Lag: V$DATAGUARD_STATS
Monitoring Apply Lag: V$STANDBY_EVENT_HISTOGRAM
Allowed Staleness of Standby Query Data
Configuring Zero Lag Between the Primary and Standby Databases
Setting STANDBY_MAX_DATA_DELAY by Using an AFTER LOGON Trigger
Example: Setting STANDBY_MAX_DATA_DELAY by Using an AFTER LOGON Trigger
Forcing Redo Apply Synchronization
Creating an AFTER LOGON Trigger for Synchronization
Active Data Guard: DML on Temporary Tables
Active Data Guard: Support for Global Sequences
Active Data Guard: Support for Session Sequences
Benefits: Temporary Undo and Sequences
Supporting Read-Mostly Applications
Example: Transparently Redirecting Writes to the Primary Database
Enabling Block Change Tracking on a Physical Standby Database
Creating Fast Incremental Backups
Enabling Block Change Tracking
Monitoring Block Change Tracking
Data Guard 12c: Far Sync
Far Sync: Redo Transport
Far Sync: Alternate Redo Transport Routes
Oracle Data Guard 12c: Far Sync Creation
Benefits: Far Sync
Far Sync: Alternate Design
Real-Time Cascade
Traditional Multi-Standby Database Architecture
Benefits: Real-Time Cascade

Creating and Managing a Snapshot Standby Database
Snapshot Standby Databases: Overview
Snapshot Standby Database: Architecture
Converting a Physical Standby Database to a Snapshot Standby Database
Activating a Snapshot Standby Database: Issues and Cautions
Snapshot Standby Database: Target Restrictions
Viewing Snapshot Standby Database Information
Snapshot Standby Space Requirements
Converting a Snapshot Standby Database to a Physical Standby Database

Creating a Logical Standby Database
Benefits of Implementing a Logical Standby Database
Logical Standby Database: SQL Apply Architecture
SQL Apply Process: Architecture
Preparing to Create a Logical Standby Database
Unsupported Objects
Unsupported Data Types
Identifying Internal Schemas
Checking for Unsupported Tables
Checking for Tables with Unsupported Data Types
SQL Commands That Do Not Execute on the Standby Database
Unsupported PL/SQL-Supplied Packages
Ensuring Unique Row Identifiers
Adding a Disabled Primary Key RELY Constraint
Creating a Logical Standby Database by Using SQL Commands
Step 1: Create a Physical Standby Database
Step 2: Stop Redo Apply on the Physical Standby Database
Step 3: Prepare the Primary Database to Support Role Transitions
Step 4: Build a LogMiner Dictionary in the Redo Data
Step 5: Transition to a Logical Standby Database
Step 6: Open the Logical Standby Database
Step 7: Verify That the Logical Standby Database Is Performing Properly
Creating a Logical Standby Database by Using Enterprise Manager
Using the Add Standby Database Wizard
Securing Your Logical Standby Database
Automatic Deletion of Redo Log Files by SQL Apply
Managing Remote Archived Log File Retention
Creating SQL Apply Filtering Rules
Deleting SQL Apply Filtering Rules
Viewing SQL Apply Filtering Settings
Using DBMS_SCHEDULER to Create Jobs on a Logical Standby Database

Oracle Data Guard Broker: Overview
Oracle Data Guard Broker: Features
Data Guard Broker: Components
Data Guard Broker: Configurations
Data Guard Broker: Management Model
Data Guard Broker: Architecture
Data Guard Monitor: DMON Process
Benefits of Using the Data Guard Broker
Comparing Configuration Management With and Without the Data Guard Broker
Data Guard Broker Interfaces
Broker Controlled Database Initialization Parameters
Using the Command-Line Interface of the Data Guard Broker
Using Oracle Enterprise Manager Cloud Control
Data Guard Overview Page
Benefits of Using Enterprise Manager

Creating a Data Guard Broker Configuration
Data Guard Broker: Requirements
Data Guard Broker and the SPFILE
Data Guard Monitor: Configuration File
Data Guard Broker: Log File
Creating a Broker Configuration
Clear Redo Transport Network Locations on Primary
Connecting to the Primary Database with DGMGRL
Defining the Broker Configuration and the Primary Database Profile
Adding a Standby Database to the Configuration
Adding a Far Sync to the Configuration
Enabling the Configuration
Broker Support for Complex Redo Routing
Defining RedoRoutes by Using DGMGRL
RedoRoutes Usage Guidelines
How to Read Redo Routing Rules
Far Sync Example with RedoRoutes
Changing Database Properties and States
Managing Redo Transport Services by Using DGMGRL
Managing the Redo Transport Service by Using the LogXptMode Property
Setting LogXptMode to ASYNC
Setting LogXptMode to SYNC
Setting LogXptMode to FASTSYNC (New in Oracle Database 12c)
Disabling Broker Management of the Configuration or Standby Database
Removing the Configuration or Standby Database

Monitoring a Data Guard Broker Configuration
Monitoring the Data Guard Configuration by Using Enterprise Manager Cloud Control
Viewing the Data Guard Configuration Status
Monitoring Data Guard Performance
Viewing Log File Details
Enterprise Manager Metrics and Alerts
Data Guard Metrics
Managing Data Guard Metrics
Viewing Metric Value History
Viewing Data Guard Diagnostic Information
Using Monitorable Database Properties to Identify a Failure
Using the SHOW CONFIGURATION DGMGRL Command to Monitor the Configuration
Using the SHOW DATABASE VERBOSE DGMGRL Command to Monitor the Configuration
Viewing Standby Redo Log Information in V$LOGFILE
Viewing Standby Redo Log Information in V$STANDBY_LOG
Identifying Destination Settings
Setting the LOG_ARCHIVE_TRACE Initialization Parameter
Viewing Redo Transport Errors by Querying V$ARCHIVED_DEST
Evaluating Redo Data by Querying V$DATAGUARD_STATS
Viewing Data Guard Status Information by Querying V$DATAGUARD_STATUS
Monitoring Redo Apply by Querying V$MANAGED_STANDBY
Monitoring SQL Apply by Querying V$LOGSTDBY_TRANSACTION

Configuring Data Protection Modes
Data Protection Modes and Redo Transport Modes
Data Protection Modes
Maximum Protection Mode
Maximum Availability Mode
Maximum Performance Mode
Comparing Data Protection Modes
Setting the Data Protection Mode by Using Enterprise Manager
Setting the Data Protection Mode by Using DGMGRL
Setting the Data Protection Mode by Using SQL

Performing Role Transitions
Role Management Services
Role Transitions: Switchover and Failover
Switchover
Switchover: Before
Switchover: After
Performing a Switchover by Using Enterprise Manager
Validating Databases for Switchover by Using DGMGRL
Performing a Switchover by Using DGMGRL
Preparing for a Switchover Using SQL
Performing a Switchover by Using SQL
Considerations When Performing a Switchover to a Logical Standby Database
Situations That Prevent a Switchover
Failover
Types of Failovers
Failover Considerations
Performing a Failover by Using Enterprise Manager
Performing a Failover to a Physical Standby Database
Performing a Failover to a Logical Standby Database
Performing a Manual Failover by Using DGMGRL
Reenabling Disabled Databases by Using DGMGRL

Using Flashback Database in a Data Guard Configuration
Using Flashback Database in a Data Guard Configuration
Overview of Flashback Database
Configuring Flashback Database
Configuring Flashback Database by Using Enterprise Manager
Using Flashback Database Instead of Apply Delay
Using Flashback Database and Real-Time Apply
Using Flashback Database After RESETLOGS
Flashback Through Standby Database Role Transitions
Using Flashback Database After Failover

Enabling Fast-Start Failover
Fast-Start Failover: Overview
When Does Fast-Start Failover Occur?
Installing the Observer Software
Fast-Start Failover Prerequisites
Configuring Fast-Start Failover
Step 1: Specify the Target Standby Database
Step 2: Set the Protection Mode
Step 3: Set the Fast-Start Failover Threshold
Step 4: (Optional) Set Additional Fast-Start Failover Properties
Setting the Lag-Time Limit
Configuring the Primary Database to Shut Down Automatically
Automatic Reinstatement After Fast-Start Failover
Configuring Automatic Reinstatement of the Primary Database
Setting a Connect Identifier for the Observer
Setting an Observer Override
Setting Observer Reconnection Frequency
Step 5: Configure Additional Fast-Start Failover Conditions
Configuring Fast-Start Failover Conditions
Step 6: Enable Fast-Start Failover
Step 7: Start the Observer
Step 8: Verify the Configuration
Initiating Fast-Start Failover from an Application
Viewing Fast-Start Failover Information
Determining the Reason for a Fast-Start Failover
Prohibited Operations After Enabling Fast-Start Failover
Disabling Fast-Start Failover
Disabling Fast-Start Failover Conditions
Using the FORCE Option
Stopping the Observer
Performing Manual Role Changes
Manually Reinstating the Database
Using Enterprise Manager to Enable Fast-Start Failover
Changing the Protection Mode and Disabling Fast-Start Failover
Using Enterprise Manager to Disable Fast-Start Failover
Using Enterprise Manager to Suspend Fast-Start Failover
Moving the Observer to a New Host

Backup and Recovery Considerations in an Oracle Data Guard Configuration
Using RMAN to Back Up and Restore Files in a Data Guard Configuration
Offloading Backups to a Physical Standby
Restrictions and Usage Notes
Association and Accessibility of RMAN Backups
Backup and Recovery of a Logical Standby Database
Using the RMAN Recovery Catalog in a Data Guard Configuration
Creating the Recovery Catalog
Registering a Database in the Recovery Catalog
Setting Persistent Configuration Settings
Setting RMAN Persistent Configuration Parameters on the Primary Database
Setting RMAN Persistent Configuration Parameters on the Physical Standby Database
Setting RMAN Persistent Configuration Parameters on the Other Standby Databases
Configuring Daily Incremental Backups
Recovering from the Loss of a Data File on the Primary Database
Using a Backup to Recover a Data File on the Primary Database
Using a Physical Standby Database Data File to Recover a Data File on the Primary Database
Recovering a Data File on the Standby Database
Enhancements to Block Media Recovery
Executing the RECOVER BLOCK Command
Excluding the Standby Database

Enhanced Client Connectivity in a Data Guard Environment
Connecting to the Appropriate Environment
Understanding Client Connectivity in a Data Guard Configuration
Preventing Clients from Connecting to the Wrong Database
Managing Services
Creating Services for the Data Guard Configuration Databases
Connecting Clients to the Correct Database
Creating the AFTER STARTUP Trigger for Role-Based Services
Configuring Service Names in the tnsnames.ora File
Configuring Role-Based Services Using Oracle Clusterware
Adding Standby Databases to Oracle Restart Configuration
Example: Configuring Role-Based Services
Automatic Failover of Applications to a New Primary Database
Data Guard Broker and Fast Application Notification (FAN)
Automating Client Failover in a Data Guard Configuration
Client Failover: Components
Client Failover: Best Practices
Automating Failover for OCI Clients
Automating Failover for OLE DB Clients
Configuring OLE DB Clients for Failover
Automating Failover for JDBC Clients
Configuring JDBC Clients for Failover

Patching and Upgrading Databases in a Data Guard Configuration
Data Guard Standby-First Patch Apply
Upgrading an Oracle Data Guard Broker Configuration
Upgrading Oracle Database in a Data Guard Configuration with a Physical StandbyDatabase
Upgrading Oracle Database in a Data Guard Configuration with a Logical Standby Database
Using SQL Apply to Upgrade the Oracle Database
Requirements for Using SQL Apply to Perform a Rolling Upgrade
Performing a Rolling Upgrade by Using SQL Apply
Identifying Unsupported Data Types
Logical Standby: New Data Type Support for Oracle Database 12c
Performing a Rolling Upgrade by Using an Existing Logical Standby Database
Performing a Rolling Upgrade by Creating a New Logical Standby Database
Performing a Rolling Upgrade by Using a Physical Standby Database
Rolling Upgrades Using DBMS_ROLLING and Active Data Guard
DBMS_ROLLING: Concepts
DBMS_ROLLING: Key Features
Database Rolling Upgrade: Specification and Compilation Stages
Specification Stage Examples
Compilation Stage Example
Database Rolling Upgrade: Execution Stage

Optimizing a Data Guard Configuration
Monitoring Configuration Performance by Using Enterprise Manager Cloud Control
Optimizing Redo Transport Services
Setting the ReopenSecs Database Property
Setting the NetTimeout Database Property
Optimizing Redo Transmission by Setting MaxConnections
Setting the MaxConnections Database Property
Compressing Redo Data by Setting the RedoCompression Property
Delaying the Application of Redo
Setting the DelayMins Database Property to Delay the Application of Redo
Using Enterprise Manager to Delay the Application of Redo
Optimizing SQL Apply
Adjusting the Number of APPLIER Processes
Adjusting the Number of PREPARER Processes